IMPORTANT MACROMOLECULES

Carbohydrates             Fats                  Proteins

QUESTIONS

CARBOHYDRATES

MADE FROM MONOMERS OR SIMPLE SUGAR.

Can form disaccharides. Table sugar (Sucrose) is a bonding of the simple sugars glucose and Fructose.

Polymers of monomers form starch or glycogen. These molecules store carbohydrates  in plants and animals respectively.

Glucose is the primary energy source for Glycolysis

                                                 Fructose                                                     

FATS

Made by combining fatty acids and Glycerol by dehydration synthesis. Three glycerols on a fatty acid make a Triglyceride. Used for energy storage and insulation.

 

GLYCEROL

LIPID

PROTEINS

Dehydration synthesis of amino acids  (peptide Bonds) for polymers called proteins. Proteins are involved in growth, repair, and biochemistry of the organism.

Protein (Dipeptide)

 

QUESTIONS

Group members:

Period:

Lab Title:

What is the primary energy macromolecule?

What is a peptide bond, and how does it form?

What is a triglyceride?

Research triglycerides and their impact on human health. Discuss what you find.

Table sugar, Sucrose, is a disaccharide. Explain this term. Is glucose a disaccharide? Explain.

Compare and contrast Glycogen and Starch. Where are they found? What type of macromolecules are they? What are their functions?

What is the main function of proteins?

Fat has 8 Calories/g of energy and carbohydrates only 4 Calories/g. So why do runners eat carbs before running and not butter or other fats??

What two molecules need to combine to make a fat.

What are the monomers of proteins?

What is meant by essential and non-essential amino acids?

Research vegetarian diets and discuss why they might have trouble obtaining essential amino acids. How can they address this problem?

ADDITIONAL HONORS BIOLOGY QUESTIONS

What are the functions of starch and Glycogen? What  trait differentiates between the two?

How does the Atkin's diet rely on the use of Glycogen?

What role do phospholipids play in cells? How does their polarity help in this role?

The polarity of an amino acid R groups are implicated in what  trait of the amino acid? How does hydrophobicity  alter the primary/secondary amino acid sequence?